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Comorbidities are more than one disorder in the same person. For example, if a person is diagnosed with both social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), they are said to have comorbid (meaning co-existing) anxiety and depressive disorders. Other comorbid conditions include physical ailments such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, infectious diseases, and dementia. Mental health conditions that tend to show comorbidity include eating disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse....

If your child seems hyperactive–fidgety, impulsive, and inattentive–don’t automatically assume that they have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Anxiety, depression, learning disorders, physical health, and many other conditions can cause symptoms that look like ADHD but aren’t. The Importance of Testing and Accurate Diagnosis ADHD and many conditions like it improve in many people with early intervention. This makes accurate, thorough testing and evaluation using an empirically validated approach so important....

The drive reduction theory of motivation became popular during the 1940s and 1950s as a way to explain behavior, learning, and motivation. The theory was created by behaviorist Clark Hull and further developed by his collaborator Kenneth Spence. According to the theory, the reduction of drives is the primary force behind motivation. While the drive-reduction theory of motivation was once a dominant force in psychology, it is largely ignored today. Despite this, it’s worthwhile for students to learn more about Hull’s ideas in order to understand the effect his work had on psychology and to see how other theorists responded by proposing their own theories....

Fetzima (levomilnacipran) is an antidepressant drug used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It comes in capsule form (extended-release) and contains the active ingredient levomilnacipran, which is a type of selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). SNRIs work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, neurotransmitters that play a vital role in mood. Uses Fetzima has been FDA-approved for the treatment of MDD in adults. It is not approved for use in children....

Gabrielle is the French feminine form of the name Gabriel. It means “God is my strength.” Some people also interpret it to mean “Woman of God.” The name from which it’s derived, Gabriel is a biblical name that also means “God is my strength.” In the bible story, Gabriel was one of the seven archangels who came to Mary to give her news of her divine pregnancy. For many people, since Gabriel is considered one of God’s heroes, Gabrielle is also viewed as being a sort of heroine of God....

Schools, daycares, and youth organizations encourage parents to get involved and volunteer at their child’s school or daycare whenever possible. Parent involvement is said to help enhance academics, activities, enrichment, and quality of care. Use these tips if you’re unsure about how to start volunteering. Parents are a kid’s first and most important teacher, and parent involvement is closely linked to a rise in student self-confidence. Familiarize Yourself With Your Child’s School Before you begin volunteering, make an effort to learn more about your child’s school or daycare program....

Amid the challenges of the pandemic, now more than ever is a time to be kind. Simply sending a thoughtful note to a faraway friend, shoveling snow from an elderly neighbor’s driveway, or agreeing to an afternoon of free babysitting for a busy parent can make a huge difference in someone’s day. Key Takeaways National Random Acts of Kindness Day is on February 17, creating an opportunity to show others you care....

Self-confidence is a feeling of trust in your abilities, qualities, and judgment. Research suggests that confidence is important to health and psychological well-being. Learn how to be more confident and reap the benefits of increasing your trust and belief in yourself. What Is Self-Confidence? Self-confidence can refer to a general sense of trust in your ability to control your life, or it might be more situation specific. For example, you might have high self-confidence in a particular area of expertise but feel less confident in other areas....

There’s no need to try to force a quiet teen to become the life of the party. Being shy isn’t a bad thing. But sometimes shyness can stem from low confidence, and it can interfere with a teen’s ability to communicate effectively, join activities, or meet new people. If your teen’s shyness gets in the way of doing things they want to do, these strategies can help. Why Some Teens Are Shy Teens may be more likely to have unhealthy coping skills....

It’s natural for kids to feel apprehensive about going back to school, but those worries might be a little more challenging these days. According to recent research, the mental health of kids living in the US is in crisis. A survey of 1,007 American parents conducted in June 2022 by Verywell Mind and Parents found that 54 percent of parents are at least somewhat concerned about their kid’s mental health. About 1 in 3 (35 percent) said their child had shown signs of struggle or emotional distress at least once a week....

With the onset of war in Ukraine following Russia’s unprovoked invasion, kids may see disturbing images and videos on TV and social media or hear about the possibility of World War III. Key Takeaways The current war between Ukraine and Russia may be frightening and confusing to children.Talking to your kids about the war can help them process it and open lines of communication.Welcoming their emotions, providing accurate information, and showing kids how they can help are ways to help them process the war....

Whether a breastfeeding parent plans to return to work away from home or simply needs a break, a breast pump is a helpful option. It is an easy, efficient way to maintain milk supply and provide breast milk when a parent can’t be with their baby. Many parents worry about using a breast pump: Will it be hard to use? What about efficiency, comfort and affordability? How do you clean it?...

How long do babies pass those dark green or black tarry and sticky stools called meconium? This is a common question, especially because meconium stools are rather hard to clean up. What exactly are meconium stools? What does it mean if your baby doesn’t pass meconium stools? And what happens if your baby passes meconium before she is born? What Are Meconium Stools? Meconium stools are the thick, sticky, black or greenish-black bowel movements that newborn babies have during their first two or three days after birth....

If you have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), you may struggle sitting still, paying attention, completing tasks, managing your time effectively, or handling stress. “The primary goal of meditation is to sit with one’s thoughts, emotions, and sensations without judgment,” says Billy Roberts, LISW-S, a therapist at Focused Mind ADHD Counseling. “It’s about both the awareness of awareness and the ability to be nonjudgemental with yourself.” There’s no cure for ADHD, but you can manage your symptoms with medications, therapies, and other mental health treatments like meditation....

Nulliparous is the medical term for someone who has never given birth, either by choice or for any other reason. This term also applies to people who have given birth to a stillborn baby, or a baby who was otherwise not able to survive outside the womb. The word has Latin roots, from “null” meaning “not” and the verb “parere,” meaning “to bring forth.” Nulliparous women are at greater risk for some health conditions, including breast and reproductive cancers....

Relationship OCD (sometimes called R-OCD) is a form of obsessive-compulsive disorder in which people experience intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors related to their relationship with their romantic partner. The condition can create repetitive thoughts that center on doubts or fears about the relationship. The person may experience uncertainty about whether their partner really loves them or whether the relationship will last. These thoughts can then lead to behaviors that are designed to gain reassurance....

Parents and caregivers can take a number of steps to ensure children remain safe during trips to amusement parks. By taking precautions, parents and child care providers can ensure visits to theme parks run smoothly. Follow Park Rules Many park injuries happen because a child or teenager ignored park rules by climbing a fence or attempting to pile too many friends on a ride, or ignored directions from a park employee....

While walking is a simple and easy form of exercise, some people find it a bit boring. Audio players are a great way to add some fun to your walking routine by allowing you to listen to your favorite music, podcasts, audiobooks, and more. The best audio players for walkers provide great sound quality and long battery life. When shopping for an audio player, you’ll want to make sure it’s durable and easy to operate....

Fitness trackers translate your daily routine into numbers, helping you log your activity levels, workouts, sleep quality, and more. “Fitness trackers are great for helping you keep track of your progress, often making it easier to achieve specific goals,” Lauren ‘Lolo’ Wilson, Senior Master Instructor for CycleBar, says. And while there are lots of great fitness trackers out there, some of the best ones come from Fitbit—a top brand in the fitness technology space....

Nosocomephobia, or the fear of hospitals, is a surprisingly common medical phobia. In fact, U.S. President Richard Nixon was said to have a fear of hospitals, reportedly refusing treatment for a blood clot as he was concerned he would “not get out of the hospital alive.” What Is Nosocomephobia? Many people who have hospital phobia are also afraid of doctors (or suffer “white coat syndrome,” during which blood pressure actually rises at the doctor’s office)....