Second grade is when most kids start to feel more confident as students. For many second graders, this will be their third year at school, after stints in first grade and kindergarten. For others who may have attended preschool, it may be their fourth or fifth year of being in a school setting. School routines, such as group meetings, sharing stories, independent and group work, and transitioning between second-grade activities will feel familiar.

Regardless of the amount of time your child has spent in school or a school-like setting, second grade will inevitably bring some challenges.

This is a great time to set up a quiet homework area if you haven’t done so already.

In second grade, subjects such as math, reading, and writing will become more complicated. Homework also will become more regular and require more time to do.

Skills Your Second Grader Will Develop

This general guideline lays out what you can expect to see in your second grader as they tackle math, reading, and other subjects this school year.

Social Skills

As a parent, you’re likely amazed by how quickly your child is growing up. It may seem like just yesterday you were sending them off to their first day of kindergarten. As your child continues to mature and develop, so will their social skills. Your second grader will:

  • Develop close friendshipsBe better able to concentrate on lessons for longer periods of timeBetter navigate stumbling blocks and demonstrate increased patience and self-control

Reading and Writing

By now your child is probably a good reader and writer, but second-grade curricula will definitely help sharpen those skills. Your second grader will:

  • Read more by themselves. Storytime will most likely continue in second grade, but there will also be more of an emphasis on independent reading, both during school and as a part of homeworkRead longer, more complicated stories, including age-appropriate chapter booksPredict what happens next in a storyBecome a better speller. More emphasis will be placed on spelling increasingly complex words correctly. Spelling tests will be a regular part of second gradeWrite longer and more complex essays and stories using correct spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and paragraphsWrite letters and/or keep a journalLearn to identify parts of speech: noun, verb, adjective, etc.

Math

Second graders will be introduced to math concepts that have everyday applications, such as counting money and telling time. Your second grader will:

  • Understand the place value of numbers (tens, hundreds, etc.)Be able to mentally add numbers up to 20Handle more complicated addition and subtraction problems using methods of carrying and borrowingWork on problem-solving with numbersBe able to do simple fractionsTell time on an analog clockAdd and subtract money; learn how to make a change

Science, Social Studies, and Technology

In addition to basic reading, writing, and arithmetic, your child will be introduced to a range of new subject matter that may pique their interest. Your second grader will:

  • Perform basic computer skills such as opening a new document, saving a file, and using the Internet with a teacher’s help and guidanceUnderstand how plants grow and spread their seedsLearn more about the earth, which may involve studying landforms (geology) and continents (geography)Learn about other cultures from the past and presentDiscuss current events